答案来历:熊猫奥鹏(www.188open.com)阅览(IV)-[北京语言大学]21秋《阅览(IV)》作业1
试卷总分:100 得分:100
第1题,Englishinanewwayatmycollegeinthepastfewyears
A、has been teaching
B、was being taught
C、has been taught
D、had been taught
正确答案:
第2题,YoungpeopleshouldhavetherighttocontrolanddirecttheirownlearningthatistodecidewhattheywanttolearnandwhenwherehowhowmuchhowfastandwithwhathelptheywanttolearnitTobestillmorespecificIwantthemtohavetherighttodecideifwhenhowmuchandbywhomtheywanttobetaughtandtherighttodecidewhethertheywanttolearninaschoolandifsowhichoneandforhowmuchofthetime
NohumanrightexcepttherighttolifeitselfismorefundamentalthanthisAperson\'sfreedomoflearningispartofhisfreedomofthoughtevenmorebasicthanhisfreedomofspeechIfwetakefromsomeonehisrighttodecidewhathewillbecuriousaboutwedestroyhisfreedomofthoughtWesayineffectyoumustthinknotaboutwhatinterestsandconcernsyoubutaboutwhatinterestsandconcernsus
ThisrightofeachofustocontrolourownlearningisnowindangerWhenweputintoourlawsthehighlyauthoritariannotionthatsomeoneshouldandcoulddecidewhatallyoungpeopleweretolearnandbeyondthatcoulddowhatevermightseemnecessarywhichnowincludesdosingthemwithdrugstocompelthemtolearnitwetookalongstepdownaverysteepanddangerouspathTherequirementthatachildgotoschoolforaboutsixhoursaday180daysayearforabouttenyearswhetherornothelearnsanythingtherewhetherornothealreadyknowsitorcouldlearnitfasterorbettersomewhereelseissuchagrossviolationofcivillibertiesthatfewadultswouldstandforitButthechildwhoresistsistreatedasacriminalWiththisrequirementwecreatedanindustryanarmyofpeoplewhosewholeworkwastotellyoungpeoplewhattheyhadtolearnandtotrytomakethemlearnitSomeofthesepeoplewantingtoexerciseevenmorepoweroverothersortobeevenmore"helpful"arenowbeginningtosay"Ifcompulsoryeducationisgoodforchildrenwhywouldn\'titbegoodforeveryoneIfitisagoodthinghowcantherebetoomuchofit"
TheyarebeginningtotalkasonemandidonanationwideTVshowabout"wombtotomb"schoolingIfhoursofhomeworkeverynightaregoodfortheyoungwhywouldn\'ttheybegoodforusalltheywouldkeepusawayfromtheTVsetandotherfrivolouspursuitsSomegroupofexpertssomewherewouldbegladtodecidewhatwealloughttoknowandthenverysooftencheckuponustomakesureweknewitwithofcourseappropriatepenaltiesifwedidnot
QuestionThecurrentcompulsoryeducationsystemforchildrenmostadults
A、works well with
B、is not liked by
C、is accepted by
D、is understood by
正确答案:
第6题,Let\'saddressthequestionofwhetherspeedreadingisevenadesirablegoalIamanavidfictionreaderConsciouslyorunconsciouslyreadersoffictionappreciatethebeautyingoodwritingOccasionallyIwillreadapassageorsentenceovertobeimpressedbytheopeningsentencesofErnestHemingway\'sTheOldManandtheSeaTheDarkandHerman
IfIwasadeterminedspeedreaderIwouldneverhavethetimetoappreciatethesebeautifulpassagesAndI\'dneverhavethetimetosavorthedevelopmentofacharacterlikeRhettButlertheGreatGatsbyorCaptainAhabGoodwritersmustbereadcarefullyandthoughtfullytobefullyappreciated
Tocarrythequestionoftheneedforrapidreadingabitfurtherlet\'sconsiderthetechnicaloreducationalmaterialmostofusmustreadforourjobsIfyouworkinatechnicalfieldandmostbusinessandprofessionalpeopledoyou\'dbetterreadslowlyandcarefullyAlmostallbusinessestodayaresubjecttofederalregulationstosomedegreeIfyoumustreadtheFederalRegistertheCodeofFederalRegulationstheOSHAHandbookorothertechnicalmaterialsrelateddirectlytoyourjobI\'durgeyoutotakeyourtimeAmisreadingcouldbecostlyordamagingtoyourfirmOntheotherhandnewspapersnewsmagazinesandotherpublicationsshouldbereadwithsomedegreeofspeedHere\'swhereageneralknowledgeofspeedreadingtechniquesmightbeusefulEspeciallysincethatisthemostcommontypeofreadingwedo
AnyonecanimprovetheirreadingefficientlyTodosoyoumustlearnsomebasictechniquesandthenconsciouslyapplythemPerhapsanexpensivecoursewouldhelpyoubutaninexpensivepaperbackandconcentratedpracticemightprovideasmuchlongtermbenefitInanycaseyoulosenothingbytryingtheselfhelpapproach
QuestionTechnicalmaterialsshouldbereadcarefullybecause
A、they are usually difficult to understand
B、they are related to federal regulations
C、they are an uncommon type of reading
D、a misreading may do harm to your work
正确答案:
第7题,FromthemomentthatananimalisbornithastomakedecisionsIthastodecidewhichofthethingsarounditareforeatingandwhicharetobeavoidedwhentoattackandwhentorunawayTheanimalisineffectplayingacomplicatedandpotentiallyverydangerousgamewithitsenvironmentdiscomfortordestruction
ThisisadifficultandunpleasantbusinessandfewanimalswouldsurviveiftheyhadtostartfromthebeginningandlearnabouttheworldwhollybytrialanderrorfortherearetoomanypossibledecisionswhichwouldprovefatalSowefindinpracticethatthegameisalwaysarrangedinfavoroftheyounganimalinonewayoranotherEithertheanimalisprotectedduringtheearlystagesofitslearningabouttheworldarounditortheknowledgeofwhichwaytorespondisbuiltintoitsnervoussystemfromthestart
Thefactthatanimalsbehavesensiblycanbeattributedpartlytowhatwemightcallgeneticlearningtodistinguishitfromindividuallearningthatananimaldoesinthecau搜索引擎优化fitsownlifetimeGeneticlearningislearningbyaspeciesasawholeanditisachievedbyselectionofthosemembersofeachgenerationthathappentobehaveintherightwayHowevergeneticlearningdependsuponapredictionthatthefuturewillmoreorlessexactlyresemblethepastThemorevariableindividualexperienceislikelytobethelessefficientisgeneticlearningasameansofgettingovertheproblemsofthesurvivalgameItisnotsurprisingtofindthatveryfewspeciesindeeddependwhollyupongeneticlearningInthegreatmajorityofanimalsbehaviorisacompoundofindividualexperienceandgeneticlearningtobehaveinparticularways
Question"Geneticlearning"refersto
A、learning after an animal is born
B、learning obtained by some members of each generation who happen to behave properly
C、learning gained by all the members in a species
D、learning gained by young animals from their experience
正确答案:
第11题,ThehouseisdarkTheBrownstobed
A、may go
B、should go
C、should have gone
D、must have gone
正确答案:
答案来历:熊猫奥鹏(www.188open.com),AfterthisfirstburstofcreativeenergytheAmericanswentalongNorthandSouthforaboutacenturywithlittlechangeintheirnaminghabitsBiblicalnamescontinuedtogivecolorinNewEnglandbutelsewhereitwasparticularlytruewithwomen\'snamesinthemiddleandsoutherncoloniesandtheexcessiveu搜索引擎优化fElizabethAnnMaryandSarahwasonlysavedbythealsoliberalu搜索引擎优化fvariationssuchasBetsySallyNannyNancyandMolly
ThegreatGermanimmigrationoftheearlyeighteenthcenturyhadsomeinfluenceJohannoftenshortenedtoHanswasbyfarthecommonestnameamongtheseGermanswithJocobandHeinrichfollowingExceptwherepeoplecontinuedtotalkGermanthesenameswererapidlyAnglicizedandsoincreasedthepopularityofJohnJocobandHenryTheScotchIrishimmigrationalsoexertedaninfluencebybuildingupthealreadypopularJamesandaddingAlexanderandArchibald
About1740theu搜索引擎优化fmiddlenamesbegantogrowProbablytheGermanshadsomeinfluenceherefortheygenerallyevenasimmigrantsboretwogivennamesofwhichthefirstwasusuallyJohannAnotherstronginfluencewasfamilypridewhichledtothedesiretopreservethemother\'sfamilynamePurelypracticalasthetownsgrewlargerwastheneedtodistinguishamanmoreclearlyfromothersbearingthesamenamesOncestartedthecustomgrewsteadilytopopularityuntilby1850themanwithoutamiddlenamewasinasmallminorityashehassinceremainedTheu搜索引擎优化fthemiddlenamesoonproducedanothertypicalAmericanhabitSincethefullsignatureofthreenameswastoolongforpracticalpurposesmenbegantousemerelythemiddleinitialandeventuallythetypicalAmericanwasJohnQPublic
InEnglandontheotherhandsuchaformisnotusedAnEnglishmanhastobeJQPublicJQincyPublicorJohnQuicyPublic
QuestionAbout1740
A、the Germans began to use two given names
B、the Germans became practical and used different names
C、the Germans liked to preserve the mother\'s family name
D、the Germans\' habit of usingmiddle names began to influence the naming habit in America
正确答案:
第13题,Thechildrenweresurprisedwhentheteacherhadthemtheirbooksunexpectedly
A、closed
B、to close
C、closing
D、close
正确答案:
答案来历:熊猫奥鹏(www.188open.com),FortytosixtypercentofgeneticallymodifiedorganismsarefindingtheirwaytotheproducedepartmentsThatprocessinvolvestakingagenefromoneplantoranimalandputtingitinanother"Sonowwemakethesechangesinthelaboratoryandputthesechangesbackintocornbythenewtechnology"DrCurtisHannahsaidNotallconsumersarepleasedthatresearchersaretinkeringwithfoodthatfindsitswaytoAmericandinnertablesOpponentssaythatsomeproduceislacedwithpesticidetomakethemdrugresistantLabelingadvocateJodetteGreensaidthatfoodsthathavebeengeneticallyengineeredneedtobelabeledAMassachusettswatchdoggroupsaidthatalocalsupermarketchainissellingapancakemixcontaininggeneticallyengineeredingredientsthataren\'tlistedonthelabelNewsCenter5\'sRhondellaRichardsonreportsthatMassPIRGlauncheditsSafeFoodCampaignonThursdaycallingforaccuratelabelingandbettertestingofgeneticallymodifiedfoodMassPIRGsaidthatpackagesofShaw\'sPancakeMixcontainGMfoodbuttheyaren\'tlabeledassuch"There\'snoinfoaboutthepotentiallydangerousDNAcontainedinthispancakemix"JillRubinofMassPIRGsaidatanafternoonpressconferenceCerealandmanysoyandcornproductsaregeneticallymodifiedbuttheyoftendon\'tsaysoonthelabelTherearenotrulesorregulationsrequiringsuchinformationonnutritionlabelsMassPIRGbelievesthatchildhoodearandsinusinfectionscouldsoonbeincurableandthattheconsumptionofgeneticallyengineeredfoodcreatesmorefoodallergiesShaw\'spancakemixhasnotcausedanyknownhealthproblemsbutmanyfeelthatbetterlabelingshouldn\'tbetoohardforastoretoswallow"Iwanttoknowwhat\'sineverythingIbuy"shopperAlexanderGriecosaid"Ihavehighbloodpressureandhighcholesterol"MassPIRGtargetedShaw\'sSupermarketsinitscampaignbecausetheShaw\'sparentcompanyinLondonhasvoluntarilyremovedallgeneticallyengineeredingredientsfromitsstorebrandproductsAlocalShaw\'sspokespersonsaidthatinEnglandtherewasalackofdirectionfromthegovernmentonwhattodowhenconsumersquestionedproductsafetyTheFoodandDrugAdministrationhasfoundnothingunsafesofarandShaw\'sawaitsdirectionfromtheFDAbeforeanyproductisrecalled
QuestionItcanbeinferredfromthetextthat
A、cereal and many soy and corn products are genetically modified but the fact is never made known to consumers
B、food allergies might be caused by consuming genetically engineered food
C、consumers don\'t care about the genetically engineered ingredients
D、the E
正确答案:
第17题,Alsoservingtoproduceadistinctiveusagewasthepracticeofdistinguishingasonfromafatherbytheu搜索引擎优化fJuniorThistypicallyAmericanpracticebeganinthemiddleoftheeighteenthcenturywhenmostgentlemenhadsomeknowledgeofLatinandwerefamiliarwiththeu搜索引擎优化fthetermJuniortranslatedoftenintoEnglishas"theyounger"asappliedtosuchLatinworthiesasCatoandPlinyThepracticewassowellestablishedby1776thatthreesignersoftheDeclarationaddedtheJrAgaiBritishcustomhasbeendifferentthesecondofapairofgreatstatesmenisknownasWilliamPitttheyounger
Stillanotherimportantmovementbeginningaround1750wastheri搜索引擎优化fthenameCharlesEarlierCharlesishardlyfoundatallinNewEnglandandisrareintheothercoloniesAfterthatitsgrowthwasnotonlysteadybutevenspectacularBy1850ithadbecomeoneofthecommonestnamesandithasremainedclosetothetopsincethattimeItscuriousnicknameChuckistypicallyAmerican
Almostatanequalpacewiththeri搜索引擎优化fCharlestheu搜索引擎优化fBiblicalnameseveninNewEnglandbegantofalloffEbenezerandevenSamuelandBenjamincametohaveaboutthemanoldfashionedaura
ThefactsareclearenoughthecausesremainobscureImmigrationprobablyhadlittletodowithsuchchangesEnglishinfluenceattheideallevelmayhavehelpedthegrowthofCharlesDuringthesesamedecadesthenamewasincreasinginpopularitytherewhereSirCharlesGrandisonwasamuchreadnovelandBoniePrinceCharliehadgiventhenamearenewedvogueamongthosewhostillheldsentimentallytotheStuartsButmostoftheothernewdevelopmentsseemtobewhollynativeandeventoruncountertoBritishpractice
QuestionWhichofthefollowingistrueintheendoftheeighteenthcentury
A、The use of Biblical names remained popular.
B、The growing use of names such as Ebenezer and Samuel showed an interest in religion.
C、Samuel, Benjamin and Ebenezer were names no longer used by people.
D、Names such as Ebenezer became old-fashioned.
正确答案:
第19题,CaliforniabornandStanfordeducatedJohnSteinbeckgainedprominenceduringtheGreatDepressionofthe1930sasanovelistwhocombinedthemesofsocialprotestwithabenignviewofhumannatureandabiologicalinterpretationofhumanexperienceacombinationthatgainedhimwidepopularityandprovidedthebasisforacareernotonlyinfictionbutalsoinjournalismthetheaterandfilms
JohnErnstSteinbeckJrwasbornin1902intheSalinasValleywhosesceneryagriculturalworkersandne\'erdowellpaisanosappearfrequentlyinhisfictionHisfatherwastreasurerofMontereyCountyandhismotherwasaformerschoolteacherTheirlibraryintroducedhimearlytosuchstandardauthorsasMiltonDostoevskyFlaubertGeorgeEliotandThomasHardyHewasacontributortotheschoolnewspaperavarsityathleteandpresidentofhisgraduatingclassinhighschoolandheattendedStanfordUniversitysporadicallybetween1920and1925majoringinEnglishbutneverfinishedthedegreeHeworkedonranchesandonaroadgangbeforetryingfutilelytoestablishhimselfasawriterduringabriefstayinNewYorkCityin1926andheworkedinaCaliforniafishhatcheryandcampedintheSierrasbeforepublishinghisfirstnovelCupofGoldin1929Inthoseyearsheread敦豪awrenceWillaCatherSherwoodAndersonandparticularlythenovelistsJamesBranchCabellandHemingwaywithenthusiasmbuthisperennialinterestsweretheclassicsofContinentalliteratureandtheancienthistorians
In1930hemarriedandmovedtoPacificGroveCaliforniawherehisfatherprovidedahouseandsmallallowancetosupporthimTwounsuccessfulnovelstreatingtheenchantmentoftheAmericanDreamandthecostofpursuingitThePasturesofHeaven1932andToaGodUnknown1933precededhisfirstsuccessesTortillaFlatin1935andInDubiousBattlein1936ThefirstwasanepisodicwarmlyhumoroustreatmentofabandofpaisanosamixtureofSpanishIndianandCaucasianstrandsTheirpicturesqueandshiftlesswaysnaiveaffectionfortheirchurchmysticalappreciationofnatureandloyaltytotheirbandaregiventheairoflegendandlikenedtothetalesofKingArthur\'sRoundTableTheseconddealswithastrikeamongfruitpickersitsdefeatbythelandownerswiththeirvigilantesandtheeffortsofcommunistorganizersfirsttoorganizethestrikeandthentoexploittheworkers
QuestionSteinbeck\'sfirstsuccessasawriterwas
A、Cup of Gold
B、The Pastures of Heaven
C、To a God Unknown
D、Tortilla Flat
正确答案:
试卷总分:100 得分:100
第1题,Englishinanewwayatmycollegeinthepastfewyears
A、has been teaching
B、was being taught
C、has been taught
D、had been taught
正确答案:
第2题,YoungpeopleshouldhavetherighttocontrolanddirecttheirownlearningthatistodecidewhattheywanttolearnandwhenwherehowhowmuchhowfastandwithwhathelptheywanttolearnitTobestillmorespecificIwantthemtohavetherighttodecideifwhenhowmuchandbywhomtheywanttobetaughtandtherighttodecidewhethertheywanttolearninaschoolandifsowhichoneandforhowmuchofthetime
NohumanrightexcepttherighttolifeitselfismorefundamentalthanthisAperson\'sfreedomoflearningispartofhisfreedomofthoughtevenmorebasicthanhisfreedomofspeechIfwetakefromsomeonehisrighttodecidewhathewillbecuriousaboutwedestroyhisfreedomofthoughtWesayineffectyoumustthinknotaboutwhatinterestsandconcernsyoubutaboutwhatinterestsandconcernsus
ThisrightofeachofustocontrolourownlearningisnowindangerWhenweputintoourlawsthehighlyauthoritariannotionthatsomeoneshouldandcoulddecidewhatallyoungpeopleweretolearnandbeyondthatcoulddowhatevermightseemnecessarywhichnowincludesdosingthemwithdrugstocompelthemtolearnitwetookalongstepdownaverysteepanddangerouspathTherequirementthatachildgotoschoolforaboutsixhoursaday180daysayearforabouttenyearswhetherornothelearnsanythingtherewhetherornothealreadyknowsitorcouldlearnitfasterorbettersomewhereelseissuchagrossviolationofcivillibertiesthatfewadultswouldstandforitButthechildwhoresistsistreatedasacriminalWiththisrequirementwecreatedanindustryanarmyofpeoplewhosewholeworkwastotellyoungpeoplewhattheyhadtolearnandtotrytomakethemlearnitSomeofthesepeoplewantingtoexerciseevenmorepoweroverothersortobeevenmore"helpful"arenowbeginningtosay"Ifcompulsoryeducationisgoodforchildrenwhywouldn\'titbegoodforeveryoneIfitisagoodthinghowcantherebetoomuchofit"
TheyarebeginningtotalkasonemandidonanationwideTVshowabout"wombtotomb"schoolingIfhoursofhomeworkeverynightaregoodfortheyoungwhywouldn\'ttheybegoodforusalltheywouldkeepusawayfromtheTVsetandotherfrivolouspursuitsSomegroupofexpertssomewherewouldbegladtodecidewhatwealloughttoknowandthenverysooftencheckuponustomakesureweknewitwithofcourseappropriatepenaltiesifwedidnot
QuestionThecurrentcompulsoryeducationsystemforchildrenmostadults
A、works well with
B、is not liked by
C、is accepted by
D、is understood by
正确答案:
第3题,ThereareofcoursethehappyfewwhofindasavorintheirdailyjobtheIndianastonemasonwholooksuponhisworkandseesthatitisgoodtheChicagopianotunerwhoseeksandfindsthesoundthatdelightsthebookbinderwhosavesapieceofhistorytheBrooklynfiremanwhosavesapieceoflifeButdon\'tthesesatisfactionslikeJude\'shungerforknowledgetellusmoreaboutthepersonthanabouthistaskPerhapsNonethelessthereisacommonattributehereameaningtotheirworkwelloverandbeyondtherewardofthepaycheck
ForthemanythereisahardlyconcealeddiscontentThebluecollarbluesisnomorebitterlysungthanthewhitecollarmoan"I\'mamachine"saysthespotwelder"I\'mcaged"saysthebanktellerandechoesthehotelclerk"I\'mamule"saysthesteelworker"AmonkeycandowhatIdo"saysthereceptionist"I\'mlessthanafarmimplement"saysthemigrantworker"I\'manobject"saysthehighfashionmodelBluecollarandwhitecallupontheidenticalphrase"I\'marobot""Thereisnothingtotalkabout"theyoungaccountantdespairinglyenunciatesItwassometimeagothatJohnHenrysang"Amanain\'tnothin\'butaman"ThehardunromanticfactishediedwithhishammerinhishandwhilethemachinepumpedonNonethelesshefoundimmortalityHeisremembered
AstheautomatedpaceofourdailyjobswipesoutnameandfaceandinmanyinstancesfeelingthereisasacrilegiousquestionbeingaskedthesedaysToearnone\'sbreadbythesweatofone\'sbrowhasalwaysbeenthelotofmankindAtleasteversinceEden\'sslothfulcouplewasservedwithanevictionnoticethescripturalpreceptwasneverdoubtednotoutloudNomatterhowdemeaningthetasknomatterhowitdullsthesensesandbreaksthespiritonemustworkOrelse
Latelytherehasbeenaquestioningofits"workethic"especiallybytheyoungStrangelyenoughithastouchedoffprofoundgrievancesinothershithertodevoutsilentandanonymousUnexpectedprecinctsarebeingheardfrominashowofdiscontentCommuniquesfromtheassemblylinearefrequentandalarmingabsenteeismOntheeveningbusthetensepinchedfacesofyoungfileclerksandelderlysecretariestellusmorethanwecaretoknowOntheexpresswaysmiddlemanagementmenposewithoutgracebehindtheirwheelsastheyfleecityandjob
QuestionTheword"sacrilegious"inparagraphthreemeans
A、religious
B、pious
C、profane
D、free
正确答案:
第4题,wasnotthewaytheeventhappened
A、Which the press reported
B、That the press reported
C、What did the press report
D、What the press reported
正确答案:
答案来历:熊猫奥鹏(www.188open.com),MoveupalittleIhaven\'tanytosit
A、area
B、room
C、place
D、space
正确答案:
第6题,Let\'saddressthequestionofwhetherspeedreadingisevenadesirablegoalIamanavidfictionreaderConsciouslyorunconsciouslyreadersoffictionappreciatethebeautyingoodwritingOccasionallyIwillreadapassageorsentenceovertobeimpressedbytheopeningsentencesofErnestHemingway\'sTheOldManandtheSeaTheDarkandHerman
IfIwasadeterminedspeedreaderIwouldneverhavethetimetoappreciatethesebeautifulpassagesAndI\'dneverhavethetimetosavorthedevelopmentofacharacterlikeRhettButlertheGreatGatsbyorCaptainAhabGoodwritersmustbereadcarefullyandthoughtfullytobefullyappreciated
Tocarrythequestionoftheneedforrapidreadingabitfurtherlet\'sconsiderthetechnicaloreducationalmaterialmostofusmustreadforourjobsIfyouworkinatechnicalfieldandmostbusinessandprofessionalpeopledoyou\'dbetterreadslowlyandcarefullyAlmostallbusinessestodayaresubjecttofederalregulationstosomedegreeIfyoumustreadtheFederalRegistertheCodeofFederalRegulationstheOSHAHandbookorothertechnicalmaterialsrelateddirectlytoyourjobI\'durgeyoutotakeyourtimeAmisreadingcouldbecostlyordamagingtoyourfirmOntheotherhandnewspapersnewsmagazinesandotherpublicationsshouldbereadwithsomedegreeofspeedHere\'swhereageneralknowledgeofspeedreadingtechniquesmightbeusefulEspeciallysincethatisthemostcommontypeofreadingwedo
AnyonecanimprovetheirreadingefficientlyTodosoyoumustlearnsomebasictechniquesandthenconsciouslyapplythemPerhapsanexpensivecoursewouldhelpyoubutaninexpensivepaperbackandconcentratedpracticemightprovideasmuchlongtermbenefitInanycaseyoulosenothingbytryingtheselfhelpapproach
QuestionTechnicalmaterialsshouldbereadcarefullybecause
A、they are usually difficult to understand
B、they are related to federal regulations
C、they are an uncommon type of reading
D、a misreading may do harm to your work
正确答案:
第7题,FromthemomentthatananimalisbornithastomakedecisionsIthastodecidewhichofthethingsarounditareforeatingandwhicharetobeavoidedwhentoattackandwhentorunawayTheanimalisineffectplayingacomplicatedandpotentiallyverydangerousgamewithitsenvironmentdiscomfortordestruction
ThisisadifficultandunpleasantbusinessandfewanimalswouldsurviveiftheyhadtostartfromthebeginningandlearnabouttheworldwhollybytrialanderrorfortherearetoomanypossibledecisionswhichwouldprovefatalSowefindinpracticethatthegameisalwaysarrangedinfavoroftheyounganimalinonewayoranotherEithertheanimalisprotectedduringtheearlystagesofitslearningabouttheworldarounditortheknowledgeofwhichwaytorespondisbuiltintoitsnervoussystemfromthestart
Thefactthatanimalsbehavesensiblycanbeattributedpartlytowhatwemightcallgeneticlearningtodistinguishitfromindividuallearningthatananimaldoesinthecau搜索引擎优化fitsownlifetimeGeneticlearningislearningbyaspeciesasawholeanditisachievedbyselectionofthosemembersofeachgenerationthathappentobehaveintherightwayHowevergeneticlearningdependsuponapredictionthatthefuturewillmoreorlessexactlyresemblethepastThemorevariableindividualexperienceislikelytobethelessefficientisgeneticlearningasameansofgettingovertheproblemsofthesurvivalgameItisnotsurprisingtofindthatveryfewspeciesindeeddependwhollyupongeneticlearningInthegreatmajorityofanimalsbehaviorisacompoundofindividualexperienceandgeneticlearningtobehaveinparticularways
Question"Geneticlearning"refersto
A、learning after an animal is born
B、learning obtained by some members of each generation who happen to behave properly
C、learning gained by all the members in a species
D、learning gained by young animals from their experience
正确答案:
第8题,Hecamebacklatewhichtimealltheguestshadalreadyleft
A、after
B、by
C、at
D、during
正确答案:
第9题,ThecompanyissmallbutpromisingI\'lltakethejob
A、In some cases
B、In case
C、In that case
D、In any case
正确答案:
答案来历:熊猫奥鹏(www.188open.com),AnyonemeetingMatthewDanielsforthefirsttimecouldeasilyassumethatheistheproductofaconventionalevenprivilegedchildhoodWithhiswellspokenmannerhisIvyLeagueeducationandhisbusinesscardreading"PresidentMassachusettsFamilyInstitute"MrDanielsisthepictureofyouthfulAmericansuccess
ButDanielscantellastorythatrefutesthoseassumptionsabouthischildhoodHisfatherabandonedthefamilywhenhewas2HismothertookajobasasecretaryButonherwayhomeoneeveningshewasmuggedsustaininginjuriesthateventuallyleftherunabletoworkthefamilywentonwelfare
GrowingupinNewYork\'sSpanishHarliemDanielswasoneofonlyfourwhitestudentsuntilninthgradeDespiteadifficultenvironmenthestayedoutoftroubleHeevenwonafullscholarshiptoDartmouthCollegegraduatingin1985
HowdidhedoitHecreditshismother\'sreligiousfaith"It\'swhyIdidn\'tendupliketheguysinmyneighborhood"hesays"Somewenttoprison"Althoughhisfatherawriterdidn\'tsupportthefamilyhemaintainedcontactwithhissonemphasizingtheimportanceofbooksandeducation
Becau搜索引擎优化fhisexperienceDanielshasbecomeapassionateadvocateofthetwoparentfamilyHeseesitasaninstitutionunderculturalsiegegenerallysupportedby"thepersoninthestreet"buttoooftendismissedbythoseinacademicandmediacircles
Someofthegroupshesayshavemiscalculatedthesocialconsequencesof"tryingtoconvincepeoplethatthereareallsortsof"alternativefamilyformsEvenduringlawschoolheencounteredprofessorswhowere"openlyhostiletotheideathatweneedtwoparentfamiliestohaveahealthysociety"
ReportersandacademicsmaynotbetheonlyonesambivalentaboutmarriageAnewstudyofcollegetextbooksfindsthatmanytextsonmarriagepaintapessimisticviewTheyemphasizedivorceanddomesticviolencethereportsaysandfocusfarmoreonadultrelationshipsandproblemsthanonchildren\'sneeds
QuestionAccordingtothepassageDanielsisaman
A、successful
B、conventional
C、privileged
D、unfortunate
正确答案:
第11题,ThehouseisdarkTheBrownstobed
A、may go
B、should go
C、should have gone
D、must have gone
正确答案:
答案来历:熊猫奥鹏(www.188open.com),AfterthisfirstburstofcreativeenergytheAmericanswentalongNorthandSouthforaboutacenturywithlittlechangeintheirnaminghabitsBiblicalnamescontinuedtogivecolorinNewEnglandbutelsewhereitwasparticularlytruewithwomen\'snamesinthemiddleandsoutherncoloniesandtheexcessiveu搜索引擎优化fElizabethAnnMaryandSarahwasonlysavedbythealsoliberalu搜索引擎优化fvariationssuchasBetsySallyNannyNancyandMolly
ThegreatGermanimmigrationoftheearlyeighteenthcenturyhadsomeinfluenceJohannoftenshortenedtoHanswasbyfarthecommonestnameamongtheseGermanswithJocobandHeinrichfollowingExceptwherepeoplecontinuedtotalkGermanthesenameswererapidlyAnglicizedandsoincreasedthepopularityofJohnJocobandHenryTheScotchIrishimmigrationalsoexertedaninfluencebybuildingupthealreadypopularJamesandaddingAlexanderandArchibald
About1740theu搜索引擎优化fmiddlenamesbegantogrowProbablytheGermanshadsomeinfluenceherefortheygenerallyevenasimmigrantsboretwogivennamesofwhichthefirstwasusuallyJohannAnotherstronginfluencewasfamilypridewhichledtothedesiretopreservethemother\'sfamilynamePurelypracticalasthetownsgrewlargerwastheneedtodistinguishamanmoreclearlyfromothersbearingthesamenamesOncestartedthecustomgrewsteadilytopopularityuntilby1850themanwithoutamiddlenamewasinasmallminorityashehassinceremainedTheu搜索引擎优化fthemiddlenamesoonproducedanothertypicalAmericanhabitSincethefullsignatureofthreenameswastoolongforpracticalpurposesmenbegantousemerelythemiddleinitialandeventuallythetypicalAmericanwasJohnQPublic
InEnglandontheotherhandsuchaformisnotusedAnEnglishmanhastobeJQPublicJQincyPublicorJohnQuicyPublic
QuestionAbout1740
A、the Germans began to use two given names
B、the Germans became practical and used different names
C、the Germans liked to preserve the mother\'s family name
D、the Germans\' habit of usingmiddle names began to influence the naming habit in America
正确答案:
第13题,Thechildrenweresurprisedwhentheteacherhadthemtheirbooksunexpectedly
A、closed
B、to close
C、closing
D、close
正确答案:
第14题,Theyallreturnedtothevillagethatthedangerwasover
A、convincing
B、convinced
C、to convince
D、having convinced
正确答案:
答案来历:熊猫奥鹏(www.188open.com),FortytosixtypercentofgeneticallymodifiedorganismsarefindingtheirwaytotheproducedepartmentsThatprocessinvolvestakingagenefromoneplantoranimalandputtingitinanother"Sonowwemakethesechangesinthelaboratoryandputthesechangesbackintocornbythenewtechnology"DrCurtisHannahsaidNotallconsumersarepleasedthatresearchersaretinkeringwithfoodthatfindsitswaytoAmericandinnertablesOpponentssaythatsomeproduceislacedwithpesticidetomakethemdrugresistantLabelingadvocateJodetteGreensaidthatfoodsthathavebeengeneticallyengineeredneedtobelabeledAMassachusettswatchdoggroupsaidthatalocalsupermarketchainissellingapancakemixcontaininggeneticallyengineeredingredientsthataren\'tlistedonthelabelNewsCenter5\'sRhondellaRichardsonreportsthatMassPIRGlauncheditsSafeFoodCampaignonThursdaycallingforaccuratelabelingandbettertestingofgeneticallymodifiedfoodMassPIRGsaidthatpackagesofShaw\'sPancakeMixcontainGMfoodbuttheyaren\'tlabeledassuch"There\'snoinfoaboutthepotentiallydangerousDNAcontainedinthispancakemix"JillRubinofMassPIRGsaidatanafternoonpressconferenceCerealandmanysoyandcornproductsaregeneticallymodifiedbuttheyoftendon\'tsaysoonthelabelTherearenotrulesorregulationsrequiringsuchinformationonnutritionlabelsMassPIRGbelievesthatchildhoodearandsinusinfectionscouldsoonbeincurableandthattheconsumptionofgeneticallyengineeredfoodcreatesmorefoodallergiesShaw\'spancakemixhasnotcausedanyknownhealthproblemsbutmanyfeelthatbetterlabelingshouldn\'tbetoohardforastoretoswallow"Iwanttoknowwhat\'sineverythingIbuy"shopperAlexanderGriecosaid"Ihavehighbloodpressureandhighcholesterol"MassPIRGtargetedShaw\'sSupermarketsinitscampaignbecausetheShaw\'sparentcompanyinLondonhasvoluntarilyremovedallgeneticallyengineeredingredientsfromitsstorebrandproductsAlocalShaw\'sspokespersonsaidthatinEnglandtherewasalackofdirectionfromthegovernmentonwhattodowhenconsumersquestionedproductsafetyTheFoodandDrugAdministrationhasfoundnothingunsafesofarandShaw\'sawaitsdirectionfromtheFDAbeforeanyproductisrecalled
QuestionItcanbeinferredfromthetextthat
A、cereal and many soy and corn products are genetically modified but the fact is never made known to consumers
B、food allergies might be caused by consuming genetically engineered food
C、consumers don\'t care about the genetically engineered ingredients
D、the E
正确答案:
第16题,Whentherearesmallchildrenarounditisnecessarytoputbottlesofpillsoutof
A、hand
B、hold
C、place
D、reach
正确答案:
第17题,Alsoservingtoproduceadistinctiveusagewasthepracticeofdistinguishingasonfromafatherbytheu搜索引擎优化fJuniorThistypicallyAmericanpracticebeganinthemiddleoftheeighteenthcenturywhenmostgentlemenhadsomeknowledgeofLatinandwerefamiliarwiththeu搜索引擎优化fthetermJuniortranslatedoftenintoEnglishas"theyounger"asappliedtosuchLatinworthiesasCatoandPlinyThepracticewassowellestablishedby1776thatthreesignersoftheDeclarationaddedtheJrAgaiBritishcustomhasbeendifferentthesecondofapairofgreatstatesmenisknownasWilliamPitttheyounger
Stillanotherimportantmovementbeginningaround1750wastheri搜索引擎优化fthenameCharlesEarlierCharlesishardlyfoundatallinNewEnglandandisrareintheothercoloniesAfterthatitsgrowthwasnotonlysteadybutevenspectacularBy1850ithadbecomeoneofthecommonestnamesandithasremainedclosetothetopsincethattimeItscuriousnicknameChuckistypicallyAmerican
Almostatanequalpacewiththeri搜索引擎优化fCharlestheu搜索引擎优化fBiblicalnameseveninNewEnglandbegantofalloffEbenezerandevenSamuelandBenjamincametohaveaboutthemanoldfashionedaura
ThefactsareclearenoughthecausesremainobscureImmigrationprobablyhadlittletodowithsuchchangesEnglishinfluenceattheideallevelmayhavehelpedthegrowthofCharlesDuringthesesamedecadesthenamewasincreasinginpopularitytherewhereSirCharlesGrandisonwasamuchreadnovelandBoniePrinceCharliehadgiventhenamearenewedvogueamongthosewhostillheldsentimentallytotheStuartsButmostoftheothernewdevelopmentsseemtobewhollynativeandeventoruncountertoBritishpractice
QuestionWhichofthefollowingistrueintheendoftheeighteenthcentury
A、The use of Biblical names remained popular.
B、The growing use of names such as Ebenezer and Samuel showed an interest in religion.
C、Samuel, Benjamin and Ebenezer were names no longer used by people.
D、Names such as Ebenezer became old-fashioned.
正确答案:
第18题,Heoftenwrotetothewritershethoughtwouldhelphimto
becomeawritertoo
A、whom
B、who
C、when
D、because
正确答案:
第19题,CaliforniabornandStanfordeducatedJohnSteinbeckgainedprominenceduringtheGreatDepressionofthe1930sasanovelistwhocombinedthemesofsocialprotestwithabenignviewofhumannatureandabiologicalinterpretationofhumanexperienceacombinationthatgainedhimwidepopularityandprovidedthebasisforacareernotonlyinfictionbutalsoinjournalismthetheaterandfilms
JohnErnstSteinbeckJrwasbornin1902intheSalinasValleywhosesceneryagriculturalworkersandne\'erdowellpaisanosappearfrequentlyinhisfictionHisfatherwastreasurerofMontereyCountyandhismotherwasaformerschoolteacherTheirlibraryintroducedhimearlytosuchstandardauthorsasMiltonDostoevskyFlaubertGeorgeEliotandThomasHardyHewasacontributortotheschoolnewspaperavarsityathleteandpresidentofhisgraduatingclassinhighschoolandheattendedStanfordUniversitysporadicallybetween1920and1925majoringinEnglishbutneverfinishedthedegreeHeworkedonranchesandonaroadgangbeforetryingfutilelytoestablishhimselfasawriterduringabriefstayinNewYorkCityin1926andheworkedinaCaliforniafishhatcheryandcampedintheSierrasbeforepublishinghisfirstnovelCupofGoldin1929Inthoseyearsheread敦豪awrenceWillaCatherSherwoodAndersonandparticularlythenovelistsJamesBranchCabellandHemingwaywithenthusiasmbuthisperennialinterestsweretheclassicsofContinentalliteratureandtheancienthistorians
In1930hemarriedandmovedtoPacificGroveCaliforniawherehisfatherprovidedahouseandsmallallowancetosupporthimTwounsuccessfulnovelstreatingtheenchantmentoftheAmericanDreamandthecostofpursuingitThePasturesofHeaven1932andToaGodUnknown1933precededhisfirstsuccessesTortillaFlatin1935andInDubiousBattlein1936ThefirstwasanepisodicwarmlyhumoroustreatmentofabandofpaisanosamixtureofSpanishIndianandCaucasianstrandsTheirpicturesqueandshiftlesswaysnaiveaffectionfortheirchurchmysticalappreciationofnatureandloyaltytotheirbandaregiventheairoflegendandlikenedtothetalesofKingArthur\'sRoundTableTheseconddealswithastrikeamongfruitpickersitsdefeatbythelandownerswiththeirvigilantesandtheeffortsofcommunistorganizersfirsttoorganizethestrikeandthentoexploittheworkers
QuestionSteinbeck\'sfirstsuccessasawriterwas
A、Cup of Gold
B、The Pastures of Heaven
C、To a God Unknown
D、Tortilla Flat
正确答案:
答案来历:熊猫奥鹏(www.188open.com),Therearenoseatsforthosewhoarelatefortheshow
A、available
B、enough
C、supplied
D、make
正确答案:
第21题,Thereusedtobeachurchbehindthecemetery
A、didn\'t there
B、used there
C、usedn\'t it
D、didn\'t it
正确答案:
第22题,Thetripwillbetillnextweekbecau搜索引擎优化fthebadweather
A、put out
B、put off
C、put on
D、put up
正确答案:
第23题,Itisnoteasytheanswertothedifficultmathproblem
A、to figure out
B、figuring out
C、figure out
D、being figured out
正确答案:
第24题,Marynevertellsanyonewhatshedoesfora
A、job
B、work
C、profession
D、living
正确答案:
答案来历:熊猫奥鹏(www.188open.com),AfterthisfirstburstofcreativeenergytheAmericanswentalongNorthandSouthforaboutacenturywithlittlechangeintheirnaminghabitsBiblicalnamescontinuedtogivecolorinNewEnglandbutelsewhereitwasparticularlytruewithwomen\'snamesinthemiddleandsoutherncoloniesandtheexcessiveu搜索引擎优化fElizabethAnnMaryandSarahwasonlysavedbythealsoliberalu搜索引擎优化fvariationssuchasBetsySallyNannyNancyandMolly
ThegreatGermanimmigrationoftheearlyeighteenthcenturyhadsomeinfluenceJohannoftenshortenedtoHanswasbyfarthecommonestnameamongtheseGermanswithJocobandHeinrichfollowingExceptwherepeoplecontinuedtotalkGermanthesenameswererapidlyAnglicizedandsoincreasedthepopularityofJohnJocobandHenryTheScotchIrishimmigrationalsoexertedaninfluencebybuildingupthealreadypopularJamesandaddingAlexanderandArchibald
About1740theu搜索引擎优化fmiddlenamesbegantogrowProbablytheGermanshadsomeinfluenceherefortheygenerallyevenasimmigrantsboretwogivennamesofwhichthefirstwasusuallyJohannAnotherstronginfluencewasfamilypridewhichledtothedesiretopreservethemother\'sfamilynamePurelypracticalasthetownsgrewlargerwastheneedtodistinguishamanmoreclearlyfromothersbearingthesamenamesOncestartedthecustomgrewsteadilytopopularityuntilby1850themanwithoutamiddlenamewasinasmallminorityashehassinceremainedTheu搜索引擎优化fthemiddlenamesoonproducedanothertypicalAmericanhabitSincethefullsignatureofthreenameswastoolongforpracticalpurposesmenbegantousemerelythemiddleinitialandeventuallythetypicalAmericanwasJohnQPublic
InEnglandontheotherhandsuchaformisnotusedAnEnglishmanhastobeJQPublicJQincyPublicorJohnQuicyPublic
QuestionIntheearlyeighteenthcenturythemostpopularnameusedbytheGermanimmigrantswas
A、Jocob
B、Heinrich
C、Henry
D、Hans
正确答案:
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